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This doesn’t mean that it’s not challenging. “Optimal states result when there is order in consciousness.”įlow is the complete immersion in an activity that you deem enjoyable in some way. Think of this as our internal “checks and balances” as we navigate our environment. System 1 represents arousal and System 2 is awareness.
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This is important because we need both arousal and awareness in order to experience consciousness. When that portion of the brainstem is damaged, a disconnection occurs between the cortical regions. While studying coma patients they discovered a connection between a small part of our brainstem and two cortical regions. Researchers at Harvard (2016) believe they’ve located where consciousness is in our brains. We have to consciously guide our minds toward what its focus should be at any given moment. System 2 is the breaks and the parachute behind the car. System 1 is a speeding car without breaks. Our negativity bias and System 1 still work that way for us, but sometimes they go into overdrive. (Speed Motors on FOX July 22, 2018) We pay more attention to negative experiences and information and give them greater weight in our decision-making than we do positive or neutral information.įrom an evolutionary perspective, this made sense because it kept us from being lion food or getting attacked by outsiders. Our minds tend to lean toward the negative when idle. What happens if we can’t control our subjective experience?įrom Cziksentmihalyi’s (1990) perspective the most important tool that we can use to control our conscious experiences is attention. If we do this successfully, then we are more likely to experience greater happiness, and therefore more flow. Without System 2, as Cziksentmihalyi (1990) points out, our instincts and reflexes (System 1) would take over.Īnother way to look at this is, we need to control how we interpret the events that become a part of our conscious experience. As this happens, we formulate emotions and thoughts that eventually lead to action or inaction by our bodies. This experience includes the awareness of one’s feelings and emotions and the awareness of, and perceived control over, one’s thoughts and behaviors.”įor those familiar with Daniel Kahneman’s book, Thinking Fast and Slow, we can call this System 2 processing. “…the subjective experience of oneself and one’s environment. He believes that we need to control our consciousness which in psychology is defined as: To better understand Flow Theory, we need to know Csikszentmihalyi’s perspective regarding consciousness. The point is, not all flow situations are inherently good. Obviously, the risk is greater in a gambling situation versus getting into flow while creating a piece of art, music, code, or writing. At some point, the gambler will fall out of flow and likely lose. He’ll get “into the zone” watching the cards and interpreting his opponents’ behavior accurately, but flow states don’t last forever. For example, a gambler can get into a state of flow for a period of time. Positive and potentially negative behavior can lead to flow. It also can strengthen how we define who we are (Cziksentmihalyi, 2009). Flow can lead to experiencing life more fully and intensely. Flow experiences are active, while pleasurable experiences are typically passive and fleeting.įlow is neither good nor bad. Examples of enjoyable activities are sports, recreational adventure, writing, art, and more. The former are activities like sex, eating, watching TV, and sleeping. Notice that he says, “enjoyable.” Cziksentmihalyi makes a distinction between what is pleasurable versus enjoyable.
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“A state in which people are so involved in an activity that nothing else seems to matter the experience is so enjoyable that people will continue to do it even at great cost, for the sheer sake of doing it.” Our definition comes directly from Cziksentmihalyi’s book, ‘ Flow: The psychology of optimal experience’ (2008). Here’s how he explains flow and his research.
THE FLOW EXPERIENCE REFERS TO MGMT SERIES
This type of tracking is called the Experience Sampling Method in which participants answer a series of questions about their experience at the moment the pager beeps. The initial study involved teenagers and while many reported unhappiness, Csikszentmihalyi noticed that when the teens were engaged in a challenging activity, their answers were more positive. He and his fellow researchers asked participants in their study to use pagers to communicate their thoughts and feelings at various times throughout their day. The task seems easy and things just “come together.” Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (Me-high Cheek-sent-me-high), the researcher who coined the term ‘flow’ discovered that people who experience flow tend to describe it similarly.
THE FLOW EXPERIENCE REFERS TO MGMT HOW TO
How to Apply Flow Theory in the Classroom.